Reaction report free essay sample

Viable openness is absolutely vital for making any relationship work. Correspondence can be verbal (talking), just as non-verbal (outward appearances, non-verbal communication, and so on ), and can direct how good two individuals are, and to what extent a relationship may last. Conveying incorporates communicating feelings, collaboration, contact and others that direct how the connection between two individuals will create. Having the option to open up to your accomplice, and flock your sentiments takes into account a superior comprehension, and more prominent affinity which are extremely significant. Viable correspondence can be straightforwardly associated with Reiss’s wheel hypothesis of affection, and the four ideas that are a piece of the marriage showcase endogamy, exogamy, homogamy and heterogamy all of which can help clarify essentials of connections, just as the various kinds. Powerful correspondence has a cozy relationship with Reiss’s wheel hypothesis of adoration. This wheel hypothesis delineates the improvement of affection as a turning wheel. Comprising of 4 spokes affinity, self-disclosure, common reliance, and satisfaction of the requirement for closeness. We will compose a custom exposition test on Response report or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Two of these parts are straightforwardly associated with successful correspondence, compatibility and self-disclosure. Compatibility is when two individuals meet there is a feeling of â€Å"ease† and â€Å"understanding. † For affinity to happen, verbal correspondence, just as non-verbal communication is a key segment in building this simplicity. I see compatibility as fairly a sparkle between two people, and individuals must have the option to have a discussion, and show affecting non-verbal communication, for example, being a tease, the correct welcome (handshake, embrace, and so on ) to cause each other to feel great around one another to manufacture the affinity. After compatibility is fabricated, this prompts self-disclosure, the demonstration of picking up trust and trust in the relationship. I accept the way to picking up trust in a relationship is conveying viably. On the off chance that you are unguarded with your accomplice and come clean about your past, way of life, and so on a feeling of trust can construct, and you start to feel more trust in the quality of the relationship. Successful correspondence just as Reiss’s wheel hypothesis of adoration have a cozy relationship with the four ideas that are a piece of the marriage showcase endogamy, exogamy, homogamy and heterogamy. The idea of exogamy is wedding outside of one’s family. It is imperative to have powerful correspondence in this example since growing up you figure out how your family gets things done and live. At the point when your entering a relationship with somebody, they have likewise grown up realizing there style of life. Imparting viably, and cooperating to join various ways of life is basic to making the relationship work. This is significant in the self-disclosure part of the wheel in building a trust and trust in living and building a family with each other. This is likewise attached to getting commonly reliant upon each other. Being commonly reliant methods sharing a way of life, for example, going on strolls, sharing jokes, and so forth. Speaking with your accomplice while building your very own existence is a major piece of what makes a relationship. Endogamy is the demonstration of wedding somebody in a similar gathering as you (neighbors, work individuals, companions and so on). In this circumstance an affinity is worked before hand, prompting powerful correspondence previously being available when the relationship is being constructed. Knowing somebody for some time before hand I accept can make a relationship more grounded in light of the fact that you definitely know a great deal about the individual, and have a lot of things to impart about. Homogamy is picking a mate with comparable attributes. These attributes can included strict convictions, political perspectives, among others. In this sort of relationship, it appears as though compatibility would be high. Individuals will in general feel increasingly great around people who share similar standards and convictions, and would have the option to speak with each other effortlessly dependent on their convictions. This is helpful in having somebody to converse with that you share a ton practically speaking with, as that is an incredible beginning in building a specific solace level. Heterogamy is picking a mate whose qualities are unique in relation to your own. This is fundamentally the same as exogamy, where as your entering a relationship with new things, various convictions, method of living, and so on and you should convey to construct a compatibility, and solace with your accomplice. You should carry on with your life in bargain, and ensure you can adjust your life to make it agreeable for both.

Opera Music

Tuning in to a drama is one of the most fascinating old style music exhibitions you could see live. This hour and a half drama I seen was played on Tuesday, November 13, 2012 and performed at 8 p. m. The name play was Wozzeck by Alben Burg and performed by the Philharmonic Ocrhestra. At the show the individual who was assume to be the specialist was sick so Kevin Beurdette assumed Tijil Faveyls position. The individuals that went to the show shifted, a few people were more seasoned and others were youthful. The sort of class of individuals that appeared at this show was not explicitly observed on the grounds that the greater part of the individuals that showed where dressed formal-casual.This show had no extraordinary event to it yet adjacent to the way that it was a compulsory class meeting at the Disney Concert Hall. The show had a full ensemble. During this drama execution none of the entertainers had outfits on nor was the stage set up for an acting show. The scenes performed wer e all up to the entertainers; they remembered the play and afterward ad libbed their following up on set. The Doctor acted by Burdette needed to truly ad lib his part. Each opportunity he turned out in a scene he conveyed the content with him out on stage.This show was in German and there were surr-titles rather than captions. The crowd giggled during the drama and they were to have a feeling of relationship with play. Since it was a play the crowd possibly extolled when the show was finished. The play Wozzeck was a play that not wrapped up by Georg Buchner and Alban Berg completed his play. This play is interfered with in World War I. It is an anecdote about warrior â€Å"Wozzeck† who is infatuated with a whore and she is the mother of his child. Wozzeck can't address her issues monetarily, so he partakes in the doctor’s experiment.The tests begin to cause him to daydream and hear thing. On the mean while his better half is engaging in extramarital relations with a dr um major and plans to be with him. Wozzeck gets dubious of her and afterward specialist and commander entice Wozzeck to take care of. He at that point begins to have insane dreams of her and the drummer. So he goes ahead on slaughtering her and afterward he himself suffocating in light of the fact that he needs to conceal the blade far into the water so nobody could discover it. This lamentable play is created by Esa-Pekka Salonen at the Disney Concert Hall. It is a 3 section play that is around an hour and a half long.Salonen has been with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Music Director from 1992 until 2009. The play has a symphony of fifty individuals and off set ensemble which was the UC Berkley chamber melody that played outside so as to set the state of mind of a figment. The characters Marie and Wozzeck had solo’s, during the play each character sang in order of the music the surface of this play is homophonic and polyphonic. Other than about the way that two fundamental ch aracters had solo’s there was a gathering of youngsters that came out to sing. ZacharyMimis the offspring of Marie had a little solo toward the finish of the play.The beat in Wozzeck changed as certain scenes where harrowing or some were upsetting. During the play dynamic complexity was played on top of the rhythm. All suddenly the 2 bassoons would play truly quick and noisy and different occasions play truly moderate. The music in the play was common and not frightened music. The drama Wozzeck was an extraordinary presentation; I didn't go in with high expectations simply because what my perspective on a show was not for it. At whatever point I think about a show I think about some fat women wearing a Viking head protector and looking like fighters.This drama was somewhat extraordinary on the grounds that every entertainer had a particular character that was strikingly observed. The skipper was an insane character, his acting set him as one of my top picks. His connecting wi th Wozzeck on the grounds that he would ridicule Wozzeck for being an insane nut case and poor. One thing that I saw about the music was that occasionally when a character would sing they would not be in line with music however then end it in order. The music had concentrated minutes that astounded me with excitement.The play was additionally entertaining a direct result of the word decision utilized so as to ridicule a character. Resulting in these present circumstances show was another experience I delighted in the presentation I was unable to sit still since I was becoming weary of sitting. The seat that I sat in was probably the best seat that I have had there. The sound quality that was created was incredible and you could see all of what the characters where doing. In spite of the fact that it was a piece diverting to be gazing toward the surr-contents it was an encounter I won't overlook. I am certainly happy I gotten the opportunity to see a show this way.

How to Start Writing an APA-Style Paper

How to Start Writing an APA-Style Paper Student Resources APA Style and Writing Print How to Write an APA-Style Paper By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on November 25, 2019 Kevin Dodge / Blend Images / Getty Images More in Student Resources APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Careers If you are taking a psychology class,you might very likely be asked by your instructor to write an APA paper at some point. What exactly is an APA paper? This is simply a written paper that follows APA format, the official writing format of the American Psychological Association. If you’ve never written an APA paper before, the formatting rules and guidelines can seem daunting and difficult at first. You might be used to writing papers in another format such as MLA or Chicago style, so it might take some time to get the hang of writing in APA format. Although your instructor may have other specific formatting requirements for you to follow, here are some general guidelines for how to write an APA paper. General Rules of APA Format First, start by observing some of the standard rules of APA format. Use standard-sized paper of 8.5 inches by 11 inches, and always use a 1-inch margin on all sides.?? Your paper should always be typed, double-spaced and in a 12-point font. Times New Roman is one recommended font to use.?? Every page of your paper should also include a page header on the top left of the page as well as a page number on the top right of the page. 12 Basic Rules for APA Format Sections of Your APA Paper The exact structure of your paper will vary somewhat depending upon the type of paper you have been asked to write. For example, a lab report might be structured a bit differently than a case study or critique paper. A lab report will include extra sections details the method, results, and discussion related to your experiment or study.?? No matter what type of APA paper you are writing, you should include four key sections: a title page, an abstract, the main body of the paper and a reference section.?? Title Page: Your title page should contain a running head, the title of the paper, your name and your school affiliation. This page provides important details for your readers, so it is important to learn how to write a title that accurately yet briefly relates your papers theme.Abstract: The abstract is a very short summary of your paper. This section is placed immediately after the title page. According to the rules of APA format, your abstract should be no more than 150 to 250 words. However, your instructor may issue specific requirements about the length and content of your abstract, so always check with instructions and grading rubric provided for your APA paper.??Body: The exact format of this section can vary depending upon the type of paper you are writing. For example, if you are writing a lab report, the main body will include an introduction, a method section, a results section, and a discussion section. Check with your instructor for more specific information on what to include in the main body of your APA paper.Reference Section: The reference section is where you include any and all references that were used to write your APA paper. Remember, if you cited something in the main body of your paper, it must be included in the reference section. This section should begin on a new page, with the word “References” centered at the very top of the page. . More Tips on Writing APA Papers While writing an APA paper may seem difficult or confusing, start by breaking it down into more manageable steps. As you research your topic, creating an outline and a working bibliography can help you structure your paper and keep track of all of the references you use. Begin by doing your research and writing your paper, but be sure to keep a careful record of all your references. Next, write the abstract section of your paper only after you are completely finished writing your paper. Finally, put all of your references together and create a title page. Once you have completed these steps, spend a little time editing your paper and reviewing your finished APA paper to be sure that all of the formatting is accurate. If you need additional help with APA format, consider purchasing a copy of the official Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.??

Speech On Columbus Day - 1430 Words

It seems that every year on this day, Columbus Day, citizens across the nation are addressed with the issue of the â€Å"History of the West.† On one of our district’s campuses this morning, Native American and white students got into a large disagreement about the true happenings of the â€Å"History of the West.† For Native American students, Columbus Day is a day of mourning where these students and families think about the near genocide of their people and culture. For white students, Columbus day can make the student feel deeply insulted and blamed for history that occurred long ago, and bring feelings of frustration as people continue to bring up these issues in the present. Each side accuses the other of inventing history and not having†¦show more content†¦Gretchen Bataille is the author of Native American Representations: First Encounters, Distorted Images, and Literary Appropriations. She describes Columbus’s motives, â€Å"Columbus h ad goals--for god, for glory, and for gold.† The era in which Columbus founded the New World in was a time in which the international slave trade was growing rapidly. On his first day in the New World, Columbus ordered six native people to be seized which came from his personal belief that they would make great servants and would be easily Christianized. He stated, â€Å"They should be good servants and very intelligent, for I have observed that they soon repeat anything that is said to them, and I believe that they would easily be made Christians, for they appear to have no religion...They have no religion and I think that they would be very quickly Christianized, for they have a very ready understanding.† Later, Columbus set policies into place that required forced labor. These policies enabled the white Americans to put Native Americans to work for profit. He also would send â€Å"thousands of peaceful Taino ‘Indians’ from the island of Hispaniola to Spain to be sold.† Another dispute among people today is whether Columbus’s famous voyage in 1492 served as the â€Å"introduction of a new host cell of diseases that would kill millions of the Native American people.† A 1989 study conducted by Leslie Roberts, explores theShow MoreRelatedDebate on Columbus Day Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesTo change Columbus Day to no longer be a holiday would be turning a blind eye to a difficult history, yet still turning that eye away from a history with a side to be celebrated. I instead ask of you to celebrate Columbus Day, learn the full history, including the wrong doings of Columbus and his crew, and celebrate the good change brought about by this event that ultimately led to the lifestyle you lead today. If the wrongs of every event in history were to be scrutinized would we have a historyRead MoreChristopher Columbus and His Legacy: Positive vs. Negative Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pageswill have learned about the famous maritime explorer and n avigator, Christopher Columbus. Born in 1451, Columbus was a Genoese captain commissioned by the king and queen of Spain to find a route to the Indies. However, he sailed the opposite direction of his intended goal by crossing the Atlantic and landing in the Americas, resulting in the discovery of the New World for Spain. Like all major figures in history, Columbus has left behind a legacy that people will always remember him for. The natureRead MorePositive Effects Of The Columbian Exchange837 Words   |  4 Pagesthe impact on the natives was unpleasant, I believe the Columbian Exchange was a positive event for the New World because it brought technological advances, new ideas, and allowed both the New World and the Old World to progress. When Christopher Columbus first landed in the Americas and met the natives it was clear that they were much more naive than the Spaniards.â€Å"...They do not bear arms, and do not know them...They have no iron. Their spears are made of cane†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Document 1). The Native AmericansRead MoreNative American Literature King s A Coyote s Coyote1362 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom Louisa McDermott’s Coyote Kills the Giant, to the plain unwise and meddlesome such as Coyote from Thomas King’s A Coyote Columbus Story. If one wants to examine Native American literature King’s and McDermott’s Coyote stories can be used to endorse an in depth investigation. Humour, irony, and proper oral techniques in both, Coyote Kills the Giant and A Coyote Columbus Story, demonstrate that Coyote stories can not only be fun and foolish, but also educational and powerful. Humor, being a vitalRead MoreChristopher Columbus and the Definition of America as Booty by Beatriz Bodmer1165 Words   |  5 Pagessaid that Christopher Columbus was responsible for the discovery of what he thought the new lands could provide rather than the discovery of the ‘New World’. Since most of his ventures landed him and his followers to lands that were inhabited by people, who were favorable to trade, where culture, politics, and religion had been established, his discoveries were really a way of supporting his model for self-good. I will analyze the paper by Beatriz Bodmer â€Å"Christopher Columbus and the DefinitionRead MoreThe Historical Perspectives Of The Columbus Day Became A National Holiday Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesin fourteen hundred and ninety-two Columbus sailed the ocean blue. His discovery of America, and not the Indies as he originally thought, would be significant in history. Thus, Columbus Day became a national holiday in the Unite d States in 1937 under President Theodore Roosevelt and would later become a national holiday in 1971. It signified the â€Å"celebration and commemoration of Christopher Columbus’ discovery of the New World† (Hitchmough). However, Columbus Day also sparked controversy with regardRead MoreChristopher Columbus And The Middle Of A Population Revival1405 Words   |  6 Pagescrusade. Portugal sent Vasco da Gama and Spain sent Christopher Columbus to find a trading route to Asia (History, 432). Both da Gama and Columbus were sailors on a mission to Asia, but the nature of their expedition and the consequences set them apart. Christopher Columbus was a Genoese map maker. Knowledgeable about the ocean, he had experience with Portuguese navigational developments and using a compass as a nautical tool. Columbus was also a religious man, and saw Christianity as a missionaryRead MoreChristopher Columbus : What It America?983 Words   |  4 Pages1492 Christopher Columbus finds America Explorer and navigator Christopher Columbus was born in 1451 in the Republic of Genoa, Italy. His first voyage into the Atlantic Ocean in 1476 nearly cost him his life. Columbus participated in several other expeditions after. He has been credited for opening up the Americas to European colonization. Columbus was rejected by Genoa, Portugal, Venice, and Spain for a crew to explore with. During his expedition to America he visited Haiti, Dominican RepublicRead MoreMLKs Speech and Its Effect on Local Civil Rights Movement1913 Words   |  8 PagesMLKs Speech and Its Effect on Local Civil Rights Movement The white man won’t hand out integration on a silver platter. The history of the civil rights is often told on the national scale or following well-known figures and direct-action events such as the sit-in campaign and Rosa Parks’ famous stand on a Montgomery bus. More recently, historians have focused their research on the local level, revealing events that are not prominent, but integral to the larger scale history of civil rightsRead MoreFree And The Home Of The Brave1394 Words   |  6 Pagesbut America takes the cake in terms of popular opinion. America’s particular brand of freedom is something that has been in a constant state of evolution since the days of the revolution. Freedom in North America has also evolved over the centuries of colonization beginning with Columbus. By looking at US history, beginning with Columbus’ landing and the subsequent Spanish colonization, through British colonialism to the birth of America and beyond, we can see that freedom has changed depending on

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The Hippopotamus Free Essays

The Hippopotamus† Eliot uses the comparison of the hippo and The Church to make a mocking to en against religion. There are two main symbols in this poem, the hippo and The Church. Through hoot the poem, the stanzas are broken up between the two symbols, describing the hi pop in the beginning of the stanza and The Church in the end. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hippopotamus or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the third stanza it says, â€Å"the hippo’s feeble steps may err’, meaning the hippo can walk astray (9). This shows how the hippo is a symbol that represents the weakness of the flesh, even in the strongest of Cree tauter. Even though the hippo may seem to be strong and thick skinned animal, the com orison to The Church proves it to be weak against the â€Å"power of religion. The Church represents two different things in this poem, depending on the interpretation. In the beginning Of the poem, it represents the strength and et renal life of God in comparison to the weakness of the flesh, as it reads in the 7th line in the SE condo stanza, â€Å"while the True Church can never fail For it is based upon a rock. † (7). But as t he poem reads on, the comparison between the hippo and The Church merge, causing a mock king tone to arise. The hippo dies and is carried up to heaven with angels signing and â€Å"hard as of gold† playing, leaving the church â€Å"below Wrap in the old miasmal mist’ (32, 36) In r eating this, The Church morphs from a strong symbol of God, into a weak and hypocritical ins tuition that is wasting its strength to save on saving an animal. The two tones then combine in the end to Courtney make Elite’s opinion on The Church and religion known; hypocritical, inflated, and egotistical. Knowing that Elite’s work in his early years was that of a cynical tone, and know Wing that this poem was one of the first he wrote, we can assume that this is a Poe m of mocking tone. How to cite The Hippopotamus, Papers

Main Risk Factors Of Colorectal Cance

Question: What are the Risk factors of Colorectal Cancer? Analisys and Comparison in Risk Factors. Answer: Introduction The rising incidences of cancer worldwide have compelled the researchers to conduct enough researches and investigatory studies for the purpose of gaining adequate information and requisite knowledge pertaining to specific cancer types thwarting the lives of many. In this context colorectal cancer may be referred to that has been identified as a leading type of cancer affecting a large population globally. Uncontrolled proliferation of the cells in the colon and rectum accounts for the formation of timorous growths in these regions thereby causing colorectal cancer. Synonymously colorectal cancer is also denoted by the names of bowel cancer or rectal cancer or colon cancer. According to the data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), colorectal cancer has been mentioned as the second most common type of cancer after lung cancer. The rates of incidences associated to colorectal cancer are more frequent in the developed nations compared to the developing countries. However, recent evidences suggest that the number is surging even in the developing countries with the chances being more high in case of the first generation migrants travelling from a less risky nation to a country with higher vulnerability (who.int, 2017). The malignant tumors in case of colorectal cancer may metastasize to other bodily parts and cause damage there. Signs and symptoms related to this clinical condition include pain in the abdomen, blood in stool and altered bowel habits that persist longer than a week (webmd.com, 2017). Therefore, a thorough understanding and insight into the matter pertinent to colorectal cancer is essential to get a glimpse of the risk factors that predisposes an individual of developing cancer and taking precautions congruent to the detected risk determinant. Unlike any other preventable diseases colorectal cancer posses certain modifiable as well non-modifiable risk factors. Non-modifiable risk fa ctors encompass the issues related to older age, racial and ethnic status, personal history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease or Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis, family history linked to adenomatous polyps or colorectal cancer, inherited syndromes and even chronic ailments like type 2 diabetes. On the other hand, the modifiable risk factors may be intimately related to the various lifestyle issues that normally include being overweight or obese, lack of physical activity, smoking habit, heavy alcohol consumption, intake of diets rich in calories, animal fats, saturated fats, and low in dietary fiber (www.webmd.com., 2016). Other lesser known risk factors that might influence the harbor of colorectal cancer include work in the night shifts for a considerable duration of time, previous exposures to treatments of other cancers such as testicular cancer, prostate cancer. Gender variation in the development of the disease often occurs in persons who are previously exposed to intervention modalities due to other cancer types. Thus the analysis of the epidemiological information concerning colorectal cancer will ensure reduced morbidity and mortality through adoption of suitable preventive strategies (Haggar Boushey, 2009). Screening of familial and hereditary history in conjunction with the modulation of the environmental lifestyle related risk factors may thus benefit the persons affected by colorectal cancer. Research Objectives Identification of the range of risk factors associated to the development of colorectal cancer and detection of the vital one from them Role of each of the detected risk factors in cancer prognosis Understanding the relationship between each of the factors and recognition of the relative risk Implementation of suitable preventive strategies based on the identifiable risk factors Search and Review Strategy Based on the objectives of the research, the methodology was structured in a manner that suits the purpose. A systemic review of literature was done utilizing the bibliographic databases including Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct for procuring the information from the peer reviewed journals and articles. Critical appraisal and careful scrutinizing of the facts in the sorted research articles was performed to retrieve the relevant data in compliance with the projected objectives. Secondary research methodology has the advantage over primary research in terms of providing quicker and cost effective technique to harness the desired outcomes. In view of the search strategy, keywords like risks and colorectal cancer together with a series of filters such as recent publications (last 10 years) were applied. Articles containing findings related to animal studies were excluded from the adopted search strategy. Literature Review Colorectal cancer has prominent and dynamic interactions with a multiple of factors that determine the course of the disease in the susceptible persons who are likely to be predisposed to the conditions necessary to trigger the biological pathways that ultimately leads to carcinogenicity. The most common identified factors in this respect encompass a wide variety, some of which are modifiable while the remaining ones are non-modifiable. Among the modifiable risk factors, lifestyle pattern associated with the practice of engaging in physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking and the propensity to develop obesity along with other metabolic syndromes and diet are the chief ones. Moreover prior exposure to states of chronic diseases as well as carcinomas has been found to increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. Certain liver diseases also predispose a person to harbor colorectal cancer. Further recent studies have revealed valid linkage between certain pathological conditions and colorectal cancer. Race, ethnicity and age also act as major determinants of colorectal etiology. Other factors such as working in the night shift are other potential reasons for the occurrence of colorectal cancer. Hence in this chapter, the factors associated will be discussed in details to provide a thorough insight into the matter pertaining to colorectal cancer. Dietary Influence In this respect diet plays a crucial role in which varied nutritional practices influence the occurrence of the disease (Song, Garrett Chan, 2015). Dietary impacts on colorectal cancer have recently received much attention that stated the potential negative effects of the diet high in fat particularly of animal origin. Studies confirmed that increased consumption of red meat as well as processed meat accentuates the risk of developing the disease (Aykan, 2015). Red meat is linked to stronger association for rectal cancer while processed meat accounted for higher propensity towards distal colon cancer. The presence of heme iron in red meat accounts for the potential underlying mechanisms that acts as the etiologic factor for the development of the disease. Cooking procedures for meats like grilling, boiling or frying that utilize high temperature cooking causes the generation of certain carcinogenic chemicals like heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that in turn increase the likelihood for colorectal cancer (Larsson Wolk, 2006). Fat has also been suggested as a potential etiologic factor linking to the concept of Western diet that favors the growth of microbial flora that are sufficient to degrade the bile salts to potentially carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (Bardou, Barkun Martel, 2013). A contrast picture is cited in studies that state that the following of a Mediterranean diet comprising of ample amount of vegetables and olive oil but moderate amount of protein harbored positive benefits and outcomes in colorectal cancer risk assessment. The clinical manifestations are found to be more prominent in women rather than men. Further studies imply that dietary fibers may positively influence colorectal cancer by means of diluting the fecal content, increasing fecal bulk and reducing transit time (Bamia et al., 20.13). Studies relevant to the dietary regime in the patients suffering from colorectal cancer clearly indicate that it plays a pivotal role in the disease prognosis. Diet high in saturated fats, animal protein, calories seems to negatively impact the risk related to colorectal cancer. The cytoprotective action of certain prebiotics and probiotics were suggested in certain studies. Synbiotic intervention caused significant alterations in fecal flora. Colorectal cancer biomarkers were modulated favorably by man of symbiotic intervention. Clostridium perfringens decreased while Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased concomitantly. In case of the polypectomized patients, declining levels of colorectal proliferation supported by the necrosis in the colorectal cells through fecal water and improved barrier function of the epithelial barrier. At the end of the intervention period, a reduced exposure to genotoxins was noted in genotoxicity assays of colonic biopsy. interferon expression was increased in cancer cells while peripheral blood mononuclear cells caused increased secretion of interleukin 2 by virtue of prevention offered through symbiotic consumption (Rafter et al., 2007). Further studies relevant to nutritional supplements and necessary nutrients provided by vegetables and fruits indicate the relative efficacy of the phytochemicals (Li et al., 2015). In this context epidemiological studies concerning the cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, brussels sprouts and other green leafy vegetable of similar kinds were revealed to exhibit potential roles in lowering the risk of colorectal cancer. Cruciferous vegetables are found to be rich sources of glucosinolates, and their hydrolysis products consisting of the isothiocyanates and indoles offer protective actions against possible cancer. However, the individual genetic polymorphism in metabolism and elimination of the isothiocyanates from the body may affect the protective effects. Bioavailab ility coupled with intake of glucosinates in addition to its derivatives is also affected by the cooking procedures (Higdon et al., 2007). In humans the chemoprevention role is achievable by the enhanced absorption of anthocyanins and their derivatives. The most important, abundant and indispensable flavonoid constituent of fruits and vegetables are the anthocyanins that contribute towards cancer prevention in humans (Wang Stoner, 2008). In view of the findings that encourage healthy eating through increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, the roles of vitamins and minerals that are present in them are explicitly defined. The role of vitamin C has been found to have beneficial effect in combating the negative impacts of colorectal cancer. Empirical researches provide evidence that further protection is conferred upon abundant intake of food rich in folates against development of colorectal cancer (Cho et al., 2015). A number of intrinsic and extrinsic modifiers are responsibl e for defining the relationship between the folate exposure and risk for colorectal cancer. Intake of other three B vitamins in combination with the folate therapy accounts for the effective operation of the 1 carbon pathway and synthesis of the nucleotides. The Wnt signaling pathway cascade is the identified mechanism that support for the cancer protective action. Ongoing researches have also taken into careful consideration whether excessive intakes of intake by the parents have any paradoxical cancer promoting impact on the consecutive generation offspring (Mason, 2016). Therefore recommendations for healthy eating comprising of diets rich in vegetables, fruits and whole grains are made to fight the nuances of colorectal cancer. Lifestyle Factors The changing patterns of lifestyle mostly of sedentary types, in todays modern world also act as a major contributor for increasing the risk for colorectal cancer in certain vulnerable population. Recent researches have focused on regulating factors of lifestyle that directly or indirectly affect the colorectal cancer prognosis (Durko Malecka-Panas, 2014). Age and educational level have been revealed to affect the awareness of lifestyle factors related to colorectal cancer. Results have suggested that initiatives are desirable for the vulnerable population of young people who are likely to benefit most out of declining levels of risk. The findings of relevant study suggest that most of the people were unaware about the cure pertinent to colorectal cancer if diagnosis is done early. Knowledge concerning the dietary planning was found to be better with respect to risks related to weight and physical activity. Further studies suggest that lower educational level was intimately linked t o poor awareness regarding the screening and preventive strategies of colorectal cancer (Siegel, DeSantis Jemal, 2014). Hence, screening promotion should aim to foster awareness among the public at large particularly among those above the age of 50 years who are more prone to harbor colorectal cancer (Lynes et al., 2016). Several modifiable lifestyle risk factors particularly of smoking and alcohol are linked to the development of serrated polyps (Shrubsole et al., 2008). The identifiable risk factors that relate to the risk of colorectal cancer encompass alcohol, smoking, body fatness, physical activity, diet, medication and hormone replacement therapy. Significant increase in risk for serrated polyp as occurring in cases of colorectal cancer include the associations of several risk factors including alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, body mass index and high intake of meat or fat. Direct linking between smoking and alcohol but not body fat accounted to be stronger in case of s essile serrated adenomas compared to the hyperplastic polyps. Contrarily, decreased risk for serrated polyp includes factors related to the use of the non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs or aspirin, in combination with high intake of calcium, folate or calcium. Risk of serrated polyp did not show any significant relation between physical activity and hormone replacement therapy (Bailie, Loughrey Coleman, 2016). Another study relevant to the Canadian population of 15-49 years critically analyzed the trends in modifiable risk factors related to colorectal cancer. The results of the study brought to the forefront that excess weight is prevalent among the young adults. Therefore, excess weight has been detected as a possible factor contributing to the rising incidence of colorectal cancer. Moreover, the rising trend in increasing weight among the younger generations in the Canadian population seems to impact the risk status for colorectal cancer (Patel De, 2016). Further studies hav e supported that genetic factors and lifestyle are intimately associated to the development of colorectal cancer. Increased risk of colorectal cancer was found in cases of methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR) polymorphism, 5? UTR repeat polymorphism. LL genotype was found to be more frequent in case of people suffering from colorectal cancer. Further, alcohol has been also found to be significantly associated with the risk for harboring colorectal cancer (Baroudi Benammar-elgaaied, 2016). Another study concerning the New Zealand population also combined the various aspects of lifestyle that lead to colorectal cancer. In this regard, several risk factors have been identified that evaluated and estimated the effect of reducing the exposure relating to the identifiable risk factors. Lower risk for developing bowel cancer has been attributed to the reduction in obesity, smoking, alcohol intake and consumption of processed and red meat along with simultaneous increase in physical activity (Richardson et al., 2016). A sedentary lifestyle in combination to a number of possible factors accounts for the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in persons who are affected by the condition. Inflammatory Condition and Pathologic Diseases There have been wide speculations relating to the chronic inflammatory state that might be a major contributing factor to the genesis of cancer pathogenesis. Prior exposure to other diseases or carcinomas predisposes a person to exhibit the symptoms associated to colorectal cancer. Patients with previous history of ulcerative colitis are much more vulnerable to encounter conditions relating to colorectal cancer. Moreover, personal history of colorectal polyp or colorectal cancer also contributes to making a person more prone to encounter conditions of colorectal cancer (Imperiale et al., 2014). Findings revealed that Crohns disease characterized by chronic inflammation state that poses as a vital risk factor for colorectal carcinoma. The state of chronic inflammation creates a suitable microenvironment ideal for the onset and progression of carcinogenesis pertaining to colorectal cancer. A proinflammatory state along with chronic states of inflammation thus pave the way for creating environments convenient for the growth of the cancer cells (dos Santos Barbosa, 2016). Another study suggests obesity and diabetes as the prognostic factors affecting the development of colorectal cancer, one of the most common types of carcinoma in both men and women (Ma et al., 2013). Obesity is a crucial risk factor that has the capacity of expressing inflammatory markers, a major determinant of this metabolic syndrome. Further it has been implied through prospective studies that type 2 diabetes (non-insulin dependent diabetes) has the potential of increasing the likelihood of occurrences for colorectal cancer. Type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer share common risk factor such as obesity or being overweight. Analysis of the risk factors provide evidence that type 2 diabetes has an increased risk of harboring the colorectal cancer symptoms in addition to having less favorable prognosis for the disease. Hence prognostic indications for colorectal cancer are provided by virtue of metabolic syndromes like diabetes and obesity where marked changes in the body responses to inflammation and associated events are prominent (Voutsadakis, 2016). Studies relevant to the assessment of outcomes in patients affected by ulcerative colitis with low grade dysplasia indicate the rapid progression of the symptoms in these patients towards colorectal cancer undergoing surveillance. The risk of harboring colorectal cancer increased manifolds in patients who are suffering from low grade dysplasia like condition (Fumery et al., 2016). Another counter study reveals that patients with colorectal cancer are at an increased risk of developing conditions associated with venous thromboembolism, heart disease, stroke and myelodysplastic syndrome (Bianconi et al., 2015). Utilizations of the erythropoietic stimulating agents accounted for significant increased association between the proportionate rises in the risk for myelodysplastic syndrome in patients encountering colorectal cancer related symptoms (Du Zhang, 2015). Further epidemiological studies relevant to colorectal cancer corroborate with the findings from past studies and showed that the modifiable risk factors such as that of diet and lifestyle issues have the potential of transforming the scenario through proper awareness and disease mitigation strategies (Kim, 2009). Pathologies and Colorectal Cancer Risk Further analysis of studies relevant to the risk factors pertaining to colorectal cancer brought to the forefront the associations and propensity of various diseases. Risk of colorectal cancer was documented in cases of chronic liver diseases subjected to before and after liver transplantations (Komaki, Komaki Sakuraba, 2016). In general obesity and metabolic syndrome are found to increase the likelihood of cancer. In addition to this, liver diseases especially of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have been found to be closely associated with colorectal cancer. Another exploratory study concerning the association between Parkinsonism and colorectal cancer has been linked to the risk of the disease. In the Western population, patients suffering from the neurodegenerative disease of Parkinsons disease were significantly related to the decreased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Similar studies in the Asian context, needs to be further explored to get an idea of the association . The inverse relation between Parkinsonism and colorectal cancer needs to be further assessed to confirm the study findings (Xie, Luo Xie, 2016). Hence a deeper probe into the reduced risk associated with the non-melanoma cancer in Parkinsons disease must be reconfirmed through further epidemiological studies. Subsequent studies provide evidence providing the distinctions between sessile serrated adenomas, traditional serrated adenomas compared to the hyperplastic polyps. Both sessile as well as traditional serrated adenomas are identified as the identifiable precursors to colorectal cancer. Results of the studies exposed the increased risk of colorectal cancer in patients with sessile serrated adenomas or traditional serrated adenomas. The level of risk was found to be similar or higher compared to the presence of conventional adenomas in the concerned patients (Erichsen et al., 2016). Thus the clinical relevance of the advanced adenomas must be carefully recognized and treated a ccordingly since most colorectal cancers are found to develop from adenomas. Further accounting to the inverse association of the adenoma detection rate with the risks of developing colorectal cancer, timely diagnosis and intervention may yield positive outcomes through mitigation of the risk factors. Age Another study examined the risk factors associated with the development of colorectal neoplasia in individuals below the age of 50 years. Evaluation of the risk factors for colorectal cancer was studied extensively in case of population belonging to the age group of 30-39 years and others. A thorough cross-sectional observational investigation of the risk factors for colorectal neoplasia in conjunction with comparison between persons belonging to varied age group ranges was conducted. The adult cohort groups selected for the study comprised of populations belonging to the age group of 30-39 years, 40-49 years and 50-59 years. Findings revealed that for the 30-39 years group, male gender, fatty liver, smoking, obesity, metabolic syndrome, elevated triglycerides level and elevated fasting blood glucose levels were linked to overall neoplasia. Final interpretation of the study suggests obese male smokers with fatty liver and metabolic syndrome might harbor benefits from screening below the age of 50 years (Jung et al., 2015). Therefore as per empirical research findings, the risk of getting colorectal cancer is found to increase with age and the risk is even more in men than in women. As a person tend to get older the likelihood of harboring colorectal cancer increases manifolds. However colorectal cancer has also been found to occur among teenagers as well as young adults, but more than 90% of colorectal cancer happens in persons older than 50 years. Thus, persons attaining old age must undergo screening from time to time to allay the possibility of harboring the disease and reduce the risk legitimately. Familial history, Race and Ethnicity Race and ethnicity has also been suggested as crucial factors that determine the course and relative increased rates of occurrence of colorectal cancer pathogenesis in certain population with respect to other vulnerable groups. In the United States, the Afro-Americans were found to be affected more by colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates. Even the Jews having the Eastern European descent, possess the relative higher risks for colorectal cancer compared to any other ethnic groups in the world. The causes for such disproportionate distribution of relative propensity to the development of colorectal cancer have been attributed to various genetic mutations (cancer.org, 2017). In this regard, novel recommendations pertaining to inflammatory bowel disease related to the screening and surveillance in case of the moderate and high risk populations. The recommendations include the guidelines for the frequency of screenings for people at higher risk and those at moderate risk of har boring the disease due to familial history of colorectal cancer. Accordingly, case appropriate techniques and methods are suggested for the vulnerable populations (Cairns et al., 2010). More studies concerning the colorectal cancer constitute screening protocol to determine the relative risk in the concerned groups in an effort to mitigate the rates of colorectal cancer incidences and mortality rates. Study has recommended the utilization of flexible sigmoidoscopy as a safe and practice test applicable for the age group between 55-64 years to offer substantial and long term benefits (Atkin et al., 2010). Based on extensive research based evidences related to colorectal cancer screening and surveillance has outlined specific and updated guidelines to counteract the effects of colorectal cancer thereby allowing provisions for prevention of further recurrences. Estimation of the relative risks associated to each of the techniques necessary to carry out the screening procedures in addit ion to the evaluation of the inconveniences, and cost of every approach were considered. In this regard, suggestions supported by proper evidences have acknowledged the use of novel screening tests such as virtual colonoscopy and tests concerning altered DNA in stool to effectively diagnose and screen patients for colorectal cancer. Alongside the screening programs, recommendations encompassing several paraphernalia and issues including the patients attitudes, insurance coverage, physicians behaviors apart from the surveillances and reminder systems have been made to combat the effects of colorectal cancer (Winawer et al., 2003). In a study pertinent to the racially and ethnically diverse population of Texas, associations between the contextual factors and colorectal cancer were assessed. The study provided evidence that individual characteristics impacted the differential responses for colorectal cancer screening in patients. Population thriving in localities having gory employment rates exhibited negative influence on screening attitudes. A major determinant of health was offered by the neighborhood socio economic disadvantage (Calo et al., 2015). Working in Night Shift and other Surgery or Non-Surgery related risk factor In addition to the dietary pattern alteration, lifestyle related risk factors and familial history of colorectal cancer, other risk factors that relate to the development of the disease include some of the less understood and relatively less explored effects of some aspects. One such less examined aspect considered the associations between night shift working and risk of harboring colorectal cancer. As per the findings of the nurses health study, the risk of developing colorectal cancer, particularly in women increases many folds by working a rotating night shift for at least three nights per month for 15 or more years. The reason has been attributed to the decreased production of melatonin at night time due to exposure to light that has been identified as the anti proliferative effects relevant to the case of intestinal cancers (Schernhammer et al., 2003). An interesting insight into the matter related to colorectal cancer focuses on the complications arising due to colorectal anast omotic leakage following an intraoperative intestinal surgery. The outcomes of the study confer a vivid idea regarding improvement of colorectal care following modification of both surgery related as well as non-surgery related risk factors (van Rooijen et al., 2016). A study aimed to identify the risk factors linked to advanced adenoma and colorectal cancer, resorted to a population based colorectal cancer colonoscopy screening program. It was found by means of this investigation that elderly screening participants, subjects with lower intake of calcium, ones having a familial history of colorectal cancer, as well as the smokers are at a relatively higher risk of presenting detectable advanced colorectal neoplasia at screening colonoscopy (Stegeman et al., 2013). Another study evaluated the linkage between expanded health belief model factors and colorectal cancer screening. The factors associated with screening included self efficacy, stage of readiness and discussion with provide rs. The findings of the study predicted the outcomes in patients who are likely to engage in colorectal cancer screening. However, knowledge and barriers were not independently associated with screening (Sohler, Jerant Franks, 2015). The study relevant to associations between colorectal cancer occurrences after colonoscopy that did not show the diagnosis of colorectal cancer based on hospital based statistics. Post colonoscopy colorectal cancer was found to be intricately related to female gender, older age, elective procedures, rising comorbidity, colorectal cancer on the right side of the colon, and colonoscopy volume. Post colonoscopy colon cancer was linked to worse outcomes (Cheung et al., 2016). Cancer recurrence was evaluated by virtue of a retrospective study. The findings suggest that the patients who underwent endoscopic resection for T1 colorectal cancer alongside those having tumors with only submucosal invasion were found to be at low risk for cancer recurrence (Yoshii i et al., 2014). Therefore, more research and insight regarding the unexplored and less known matters related to colorectal cancer need to be done in order to make the people aware about the harmful effects of the clinical condition. Assessment of risks for colorectal cancer may be done through a number of ways as depicted in relevant research studies. A study conducted among the university students in Jordan evaluated the knowledge and awareness pertaining to colorectal cancer encompassing early warning signs and risk factors involved. The investigation revealed that abdominal pain was the most prominent and detectable warning sign for colorectal cancer among the respondents. Moreover, awareness related to the risk factors for colorectal cancer was found to be lowered compared to awareness regarding the warning signs awareness. Female population were found to be more aware about the symptoms related to colorectal cancer and unhealthy diet was recognized to be a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer among the respondents. Students engaged to studying medical related specialities were found to be more aware about the risk and associated warning signs for colorectal cancer. Continuous education programs, lect ures or campaigns are thus desirable to promote early detection of colorectal cancer (Mhaidat et al., 2016). An exploratory study aimed to determine the risk factors of stenosis that occurs after endoscopic submucosal dissection that enables en bloc removal of large colorectal neoplasms. Post colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection, circumferential mucosal defect above 90% poses significant risk factor of stenosis (Hayashi et al., 2016). Another study brought to the forefront increased risk of colorectal cancer for women subjected to hysterectomy or oophorectomy. Generally women having susceptible genes for ovarian cancer or metacarcinoma undergo hysterectomy or oophorectomy and the associations between the performed operations with increased morbidity of colorectal cancer have been found as important indicator for public health guidelines (Luo et al., 2016). Further a review study focused on the current knowledge pertaining to colorectal cancer in view of the common molecular m odifications through effective interactions between different environmental and non-environmental factors. The most potential treatment interventions are thereby discussed in keeping with the identified altered pathways. Somatic mutations in response to environmental factors have been implicated as the major reason behind the non-hereditary causes for the development of colorectal cancer. Hence preventive and combat strategies are improvised likewise to assess the efficacy of the efficacy of the identified causative factors (Aran et al., 2016). Recent researches have highlighted the utilization and incorporation of non-genetic risk factors in addition to behavioral modifications to predict risks associated with colorectal cancer. Modeling of lifestyle factors ranging from alcohol consumption in conjunction with genetic risk is capable of offering beneficial techniques to select persons for screening of colorectal cancer risk (Yarnall, Crouch Lewis, 2013). The risk of colorectal can cer related to the inflammatory biomarkers, aspirin usage has been explored by means of the physician healths study based evidences. The findings indicated that among men population, the plasma inflammatory markers such as CRP, IL-6 and TNFR-2 were found to be not significantly related with colorectal cancer although a statistically non-significant positive relation between TNFR-2 and subsequent risk for colorectal cancer was evident in the studied group (Kim et al., 2016). Hence, the provisions for care and preventive techniques associated with the risk of colorectal cancer need to be carefully analyzed to render effective and appropriate treatment intervention. The clinical condition of colorectal cancer is a multi faceted disorder that seems to be affected by means of several independent risk factors that in turn affect the progression and outcomes of the disease. The risk factors associated with colorectal cancer comprise of numerous factors that may be either modified or cannot be modified. The modifiable risk factors are mostly associated with lifestyle orientation in an individual. In this context, dietary pattern are found to play an important role in predisposing a person towards the development of colorectal cancer. A diet high in saturated fats, animal protein and processed meat are likely to be at a higher risk of colorectal cancer. Further studies provide evidence that lack of enough micronutrients like calcium in food supported by less presence of dietary fiber also account for increased risk of colorectal cancer. Smoking habits as well as habit of alcohol intake in excess also increase the likelihood of developing colorectal ca ncer. Therefore following of a healthy diet comprising of sufficient amount of fruits, vegetables and whole grains is highly recommendable to combat the risks associated with colorectal cancer. Further cancer likelihood increases by means of faulty cooking procedures like frying, grilling and others at high temperatures that lead to the generation of carcinogenic chemicals. Chronic state of low grade inflammations as evident in conditions pertaining to obesity also poses threat of developing colorectal cancer. In both men and women, being overweight poses similar risk factors for colorectal cancer. Further study has indicated that persons who are accustomed to leading sedentary life and having lack of physical activity in their routine lives are more vulnerable to harbor colorectal cancer symptoms. Thus prescription of adequate physical exercise in daily lives might help in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. Moreover effective lifestyle modifications may be achieved by one thro ugh shunning of the smoking habit and reducing the consumption of alcohol which in turn account for declined risk for colorectal carcinoma. On the other hand the non-modifiable risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer encompass a multiple issues ranging from age, race and ethnicity, personal history of chronic diseases or colorectal cancer, familial history of colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps in addition to type 2 diabetes. Personal history of colorectal cancer in conjunction with other diseases such as Crohns disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel disease, dysplsia also account for increased risk for colorectal cancer. Previous exposure to colorectal cancer also increases the propensity for the concerned disease. As per research, inherited syndromes like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), gardner syndrome, Turncot syndrome, Lynch syndrome also increase the risk of colorectal carcinoma in individuals having familial history of the dis ease. In males, testicular cancer as well as prostate cancer also accentuates the likelihood of the disease while in female hysterectomy or oopherectomy account for similar outcomes. Empirical research findings also revealed night shift work as a potential cause for colorectal cancer. Thus assessing from the results of the research findings through extensive literature review it may be suggested that following of a healthy and productive life in combination with proper dietary regime, adequate exercise intervention as well as elimination of smoking and alcohol drinking habits might harbor positive outcomes in persons who are at the risk of developing colorectal cancer. However the non-modifiable risk factors can only be kept at bay through proper screening and adopting appropriate strategies to combat the effects. Thus the need for a proper screening and surveillance strategy to cater to the needs and demands of the patients has been suggested by the appropriate regulatory authoriti es to address the various issues relevant to colorectal cancer. References: Aran, V., Victorino, A. P., Thuler, L. C., Ferreira, C. G. (2016). Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Disease Mechanisms and Interventions to Reduce Onset and Mortality.Clinical colorectal cancer. Atkin, W. S., Edwards, R., Kralj-Hans, I., Wooldrage, K., Hart, A. R., Northover, J. M., UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Trial Investigators. (2010). Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.The Lancet,375(9726), 1624-1633. Aykan, N. F. (2015). Red Meat and Colorectal Cancer. Oncology reviews, 9(1), 288-288. Bailie, L., Loughrey, M. B., Coleman, H. G. (2016). Lifestyle Risk Factors for Serrated Colorectal Polyps: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Gastroenterology. 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Sweatshops Development

Table of Contents Brief history Arguments for sweatshops Anti-sweatshops arguments A case in San Francisco Fighting sweatshops Conclusion Works Cited Sweatshop is a term used to refer to any working environment whose conditions are unacceptable. The overriding characteristics of the industry are long working hours and poor payments regardless of the law provisions in those countries. In most cases, violation of child labor laws is prevalent and employees are subject to abuse by the employer without an easy way out.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sweatshops Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The definition used in the United States for a sweatshop is, â€Å"an employer who violates two or more of the federal or state labor laws governing compensation, child labor, occupational safety and health, industrial homework workers’ compensation, or industry registration.† In most case s, sweatshops are involved in human trafficking. In almost all cases, sweatshops in the United States are companies in the garment producing companies ranging from the mega companies to their contractors and subcontractors. Brief history The concept of sweatshops has its origin from the early 19th century in which case, an intermediary- normally referred to as the sweater- directed others in the process of producing clothing, under arduous conditions. The tailors would contract an intermediary who would in turn subcontract another intermediary ultimately; the subcontracted sweater would engage the worker at piecework for each garment. The intermediary would make profit by looking for desperate workers whose payments were minimal and end up paying least per unit of labor. The term sweater for the intermediary and sweating system for the process of subcontracting characterized earlier works by critics of this system. In the last half of the century, sweatshops had attracted many peopl e to the growing cities immigrants being from neighboring countries being most among the numbers. The exploitation of workers by the sweating system was unopposed by other parties for a short while. In the late 19th century, a party named National Anti-Sweating League founded in Australia and a few years later, another body with the same name started in the UK to fight against the abuse of workers by the sweating system. The success of these two lead to formation of other parties to defend the rights of the sweatshop workers. Ultimately, this made the existence of sweatshops rare especially in the original sense but did not eliminate them. History has proved that sweatshops are a difficult issue to deal with since it is first an economic issue. Arguments for sweatshops Thefight surrounding sweatshops has taken two sides with one group advocating for them while another fighting against them. Both groups have put forward arguments to support their views on the issue.Advertising L ooking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The proponents based their first argument on the economic theory of comparative advantage in which case they argue that international trade will work for the good of both parties. This therefore means that as the developing countries lack the technology of production employed in the developed countries, they should employ what they have for production of those goods. About the working conditions, they are adamant that they are better than what they would have. According to the proponents, the sweatshops provide a better substitution to other activities like street prostitution, trash picking, and the like. According to them, it has made the lives of the workers at least better than if they did not employ them. Anti-sweatshops arguments Thefirst argument from the opposing side of sweatshops is that, most workers in the industry are unable to buy some o f the goods they make even though they are commonplace commodities. According to them, economic development would result from other activities as opposed to sweatshops. Another argument is the aspect of violation of the labor laws, connection with human trafficking and child labor, which leads them to lead slave-like lives with the vulnerability of abuse and sexual harassment from the employers. A case in San Francisco Companies can be deceiving when you listen to the ideas and slogans shouted from the management desk. Indeed, many companies known by the public to be socially responsible in contrast violate the labor laws including the minimum wage requirement. Esprit- a company known for its garments made from organically grown cottons and wools tinted with natural dyes- is such a company (Udesky, ESPRIT: Sweatshops Behind the Labels ). By 1994, the management had played consumer level politics and it worked perfectly in promoting the company as socially responsible. On the other s ide, the companies play politics at the production level in that even though they invest in community-based projects, in their quest to minimize the cost of labor, they result to sweatshops that violate the labor laws, their behavior going beyond irresponsibility meaning that at time the workers are not even paid. Fighting sweatshops The fight against sweatshops has not come without pains. In 2005, the San Francisco Chronicles reports that the number of garment workers in the bay area had dropped to 3500 from the 30000 that worked there in 1982 and the 12000 in 2002. According to the report, Esprit and other two largest garment manufacturers in San Francisco had their production carried out in other nations. The closure of the local factories implies the level of job insecurity of the garment workers and the struggles the subcontractors have to face. The reason for this shift to offshore production is the expiry of the global system of quotas, which had provided restrictions for clo thing coming in from member countries of the WTO.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sweatshops Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This shift to offshore production should not be taken to mean non- existence of sweatshops in San Francisco. Reportedly, in February 2007, the department of labor forced Reuben’s Garment Cutting and Marking Company to pay $66,066 withheld from 57 employees. Allegedly, the contractor did not record the number of hours the employees worked, paid the on Saturdays, and denied them overtime (Santa Clara University n.d.). Conclusion Ultimately, it is of great importance to note that the fight against sweatshops has not been easy. The battle started back in the 1th century but in the 21st century, it remains to be a problem in the society. The fight has not been without pains for we consider the contradicting interest of the owners of the factories and that of the gov ernment to protect its people and the economy. The formulation of laws to address the problem has yielded uncomely response from the factory owners by them investing in other countries. Those who did not close their factories are still violating the labor law requirements and abusing their workers. In San Francisco, these factories still exist and even though they operate as underground factories; they still close and reopen at times. This existence calls for the government especially the department of labor to act towards the elimination of these factories. Works Cited Santa Clara University. â€Å"US States News.† n.d. Web. Udesky, Laurie. â€Å"ESPRIT: Sweatshops behind the Labels.† n.d. 30 Jan. 2012 http://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=ESPRIT:_Sweatshops_Behind_the_Labels. This research paper on Sweatshops Development was written and submitted by user Ronald I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Number the Stars essays

Number the Stars essays Number the Stars was about a family who lives in Copenhagen, Denmark take in a Jewish girl to protect her from the Nazis that are taking over Denmark. Meanwhile, Ellens parents go with one of the Johansens family friends named Peter Neilsen. He was the fianc of their deceased daughter, Lise. The first night of having Ellen, Mr. And Mrs. Johansen had planned out what to do if the Nazis were to come to their apartment that night. They told Ellen that she was supposed to be, Lise Johansen. Lise is the deceased child of Mr. And Mrs. Johansen. She died a couple years back in a car accident. Later that evening when Ellen AKA Lise, Mr. And Mrs. Johansen, and Kirsti, Annemaries little sister, and Annemarie were is bed; there was a knock at the door. It was the Nazis. They stepped into the apartment knowing that the Rosens might be here since they also knew they were friends. They searched the apartment. When Annemarie heard the noise, she woke up Ellen. She told her to take off the Star of David that way the Nazis didnt know that she was Jewish. They introduced her with kindness like she was their own daughter. They kind of thought that she wasnt part of the family because she had dark hair. Mr. Rosen then pulled out some baby pictures and showed the soldier that she had dark hair as a baby. They tore them up and left. After a week or so, Mr. And Mrs. Johansen decided to move in with Annemaries uncle, Uncle Henrik. They would be safer there without the Nazis more at there back then at Denmark. He lived by the sea and was a fisherman. Then one day out of the blue, Annemaries uncle and her mother tell Annemarie, Ellen, and Kirsti that that night there was going to be a ceremony for Annemaries Great Aunt Birte. Annemarie knew all of her family from stories and pictures and knew that her own family was lying to her. Something was wrong, she thought. She ...

Sociology involves the systematic study of human society Essay

Sociology involves the systematic study of human society - Essay Example A lot of people become engaged in different social activities and participate in different movements, events or festivities which bring people together. Globalization is a social reality of the 21st century which changed the world. Sociology is helping people accept the movement and it is encouraging greater tolerance towards diversity. Social sciences make contributions towards helping society validate a lot of commonly help assumptions. The importance of commonly held lies in that without them we would not have any knowledge, in fact questioning or proving wrong commonly help assumptions can make entire knowledge system fall apart (Uncg). The view the University of North Carolina – Greensburg depicts refers to more abstract concepts such as the universe is empirical; the universe works according to law-like principles and these laws like principles may be discovered by humans through investigative efforts. Sociology is part of the overall body of sciences and assumptions within this field also influence the body of knowledge. People tend to be curious about knowledge and many times want proof about the validity of an assumption. In the social science field whenever someone requires proof of something, there are ways to prove any assumption of theory to be true or false. Researchers can design experiments t o validate knowledge. These experiments can be performed utilizing different techniques such as observation, control groups, experimental groups, surveys and correlation (NesSmith, 21). Humans are subjected to different social interactions which provide sources of opportunities for them, but depending on the circumstance can become a constraint variable which limits access to certain experience in different people. For example an American worker which suddenly becomes unemployed may face tough times ahead. If this person lives in a city with lots of job

Criminology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Criminology - Essay Example Secondly, if the adolescent knows that the punishment for the crime would be severe, and that he or she would be treated the same way as adult criminals, it is likely that he or she would have second thoughts about committing the crime and lesser crimes would take place. There have been a number of studies carried out in different states of America to find out the effect on young criminals being treated by the juvenile system versus those treated in the adult court systems. Generally, the results have gone against the theory that harder punishments reduce recidivism and draw out the same conclusions i.e. young criminals treated through juvenile systems reduce recidivism. In Florida, a study took a sample of 2,738 adolescent offenders. They included many different kinds of offenses such as burglary, robbery, car thefts, and so on. The study compared two sets of offenders: those who were transferred to criminal courts and those who were kept in the juvenile system. The research concluded that offenders trialed by the juvenile system were rearrested less, 19 percent compared to 30 percent. The time taken before they got rearrested was also greater, 227 days as compared to 135 days. (Johnson & Rosch) A similar study was conducted in New York and New Jersey as well, where 16 and 17 year old lawbreakers were compared. The backgrounds of the offenders were similar. However, the New York state law treats all 16 year olds and most 17 year olds under the adult court system, whereas New Jersey treats them under the juvenile system. Again, the studies concluded that those trialed under the New York law, treating young criminals under adult systems, had a higher rate of recommitting crime. The re-arrests in New York were around 76 percent, compared to 67 percent in New Jersey. Also, the re-arrests took a time period of 457 days in New York, compared to 553 days in New Jersey. (Johnson & Rosch) Therefore, the general pattern depicts

Babri Masjid Demolition Case And Formation Of Hindu Community History Essay

Babri Masjid Demolition Case And Formation Of Hindu Community History Essay Introduction The Babri- Masjid dispute in Ayodhya as been the cause of violence between the Hindus and the Muslims for many decades each faith claiming the ownership of the disputed holy site. Ayodha is a pilgrimage is a pilgrimage site that is used both by Muslims and Hindus and two faiths attend the annual Ram festivals which are attended by more than 500000 people. Both faiths belief that the well water found in the site has miraculous curative properties. Hindus claim that the site where the mosque stood was similar spot where the temple build in 12th century in honor of the Lord Rama had stood and got destroyed during the reign of Babur. The two faiths have been clashing constantly especially with the Hindus trying hard to erect a temple for worship in the same site while the Muslims resisting and refusing to allow such ideas. Violence has erupted severally calling for the intervention of the civil administration which refused the place to be used as a place of worship and that no one builds a temple there until the dispute is resolved. Getting a viable solution the dispute had taken decades characterized with massive bloodshed and l loss of lives and still remains a contentious issue in Ayodhya region and the entire Indian/muslim society. History of the Babri-Masjid dispute in Ayodhya The Babri Mosque was in 1528 by Babars general Mir Baqi following the orders that were given by Babur after the destruction of the Ram Mandir. The first recorded violent incident regarding the issues took place in 1853 at the time when Nawab Wajid reigned. The clash emanated from the claims by the Hindu sect Nirmohis that the mosques stood where the destroyed ancient temple stood. To curb the spiraling violence the British administration in 1859 was forced to erect a fence in the site to separate the places of worship allowing the Muslims to use the inner court and the Hindus to use the outer court (Jaffrelot, 1996). In 1949 there was a controversial incident where idols of Lord Rama appeared inside the mosque and it was alleged to have been placed by Hindus and that incident led to a massive protests by the Muslims and resulted to both parties filing law suits against each other and to curb the situation the government proclaimed the premises as a disputed area and all the gates to the site were locked. In 1984, Vishwa Hindu Parishad party spearheaded the formation of a committee that was intended to liberate the disputes holy site and to carry out the building of a temple in the site and the leader of the Janata party Lal Krishna later took over in leading the campaign. Formation of the committees prompted the order by the district judge to open the gates of the Babri mosque to allow the Hindus to worship in the site and this again sparked protests by those of muslim faith resulting to the formation of the Babri Mosque Action Committee which was responsible for ensuring that no temple was build near the mosque. 1n 1989 the campaigns by the VHP party to construct a Ram Mandir in the site were stepped up and led to the laying down of its foundations on the land that was adjacent to the mosque. 1990 saw the VHP activists destroy part of the mosques and the Prime Minister Chandra put some efforts to resolve the issue in vain. The VHP supporters demolished the mosque in 1992 and stirred up nationwide riots between the two faiths Hindus and Muslim resulting to death of more than 2,000 people and in response to the disaster the government set up a justice MS Liberhan commission which was to inquire in to the conspiracy that led to the destruction of the mosque. Since then there have been several attempts to resolve the dispute but an amicable solution have been reached and more deaths and riots have been experienced in 2002 when 58 people were killed on an attack on the train in Gordha which was ferrying Hindu activists returning from Ayodhya. The train attack sparked more protest in Gujarat which lead to death of 1000-2000 people which were mostly Muslims and the high court started hearings on the ownership of the site same year. Following a court order archaeologists begun a survey in the religious site to determine whether Lord Rama really existed on the disputed site and the team attested to have found evidence of a temple beneath the mosque and the finding were disputed by the Muslims. By 2004 Advani and the BJP still had unwavering commitment that the building of the temple in Ayodhya was inevitable and in 2005 the government extends the term of Liberhan Ayodhya commission and in 2007 fifteen persons that included a lawyer were sentenced to life sentence by a local court on accusations that they burned nine persons alive during the communal riots in Kanpur after the demolition of Babri Masjid in December 1992. Seventeen years after it was setup and with 48 extensions, the Liberhan commission submitted its report to the prime minister Singh and that saw the high court pronounce its final judgment which was a split verdict suggesting division of the disputed land into three equal portions between the Ram temple, Nirmohi Akahara (plaintiff) and finally the Sunni Wakf board (Irani, 2004). Formation of Hindu community. As the comment every history is the history of the present goes, the Hindu community have been formed and reshaped for centuries by the progressive events that would lead to the demolition of the Babri-Masjid mosque by in December 1992 in Ayodhya. The community has had occurrences that have taken place on a progressive chain that when linked form the history of the formation of the Hindu community. The Babri-Masjid case has taken more than eighteen years to with nearly fifty trans-governmental extensions, more bloodshed and loss of lives in riots and intentional attacks directed towards the disputing factions. The case was opened in 1992 and closed in 2010 having faced a lot of challenges in trying to deliver a fair judgment to the contesting parties the muslim and Hindu believers who both claim to own the Ayodhya religious site (Yadav, 2008). The case manifests an act that done by Hindus as a manifestation of violence that is fought psychologically and is directed towards their oppressors mainly the Muslim community who are alleged to be gradually converting Hindu places of worship into mosques. The Hindu community is believed to be fighting a psychological war that involves a collective or folk memory of the people and the institutional memory of its oppressors. This struggle for liberation by the Hindu community is just a record of resistance that the people have been fighting since the destruction of their temple build for Rama in Ayodhya back in 15th century by the Muslim leaders of the time. Such re-currying riots and resistance have contributed to the formation of present Hindu society. For instance the existence of the various factions of Hinduism like the Buddhism and are as a result of defection by members of the Hindu mainstream due to pressures related to the continued fight to reclaim their grabbed religious s ites like the Babri Masjid. The collective memory in such community formation have been eternalized by intergenerational passage of ancestral events through literature, art, folk traditions and culture and in the current generation such memory is fostered by the wring down of biographies which evokes the continued struggle for liberation by the community. Celebration of birth and death anniversaries of their past leaders is also used by the community to keep the memory alive. The memory unleashed to their leaders inspires the current generation to do something to avenge the atrocity. For example a sportsperson and a crusader against racial injustice once commented that they are haunted by the misdeeds that their ancestor faced in the hands of their oppressors and that are why when they bowl lethally and bet explosively as if they are taking revenge. This means that the daily activities carried out by the current Hindu community is influenced by the past events and which makes current events the future history. Several religions like the Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism and the influx of Christianity and Islamic faiths as well as their easy acceptability by some Hindu community is a revelation of de-fragmentation of the community into new formations as result of the continued struggle with the caste system in the society. The minority groups have continuously resisted to the discrimination by the majority dogma and this has resulted to defection from the community and the n joining forces with the group that consider their pledges like promotion of equality. The act of splitting of the community leads to adoption of varying beliefs and practices which have greatly contributed formation of a diversified Hindu community. The Babri-Masjid Demolition Case has led to more misunderstandings between the Hindu community as people are divided between supporting their religion by fighting for the building of the temple in Ayodhya and advocating for peace and harmony between the Hindus and the Muslim community. The daily controversy has led to formation of a more divided Hindu community which affects the future history of the community in a similar way the past events and struggles for liberation led to the current history of the past Hindu community.

Decision Analysis Study Guide Scheduling

this is the best study guide I could find. Just match the questions with the answers for the study guide. Chapter 15: Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following is true regarding forward scheduling? Forward scheduling is the scheduling of a. the end items or finished products b. jobs as soon as the requirements are known c. the start items or component parts d. the final operation first beginning with the due date Which of the following best describes how short-term schedules are prepared? Short-term schedules are prepared a. directly from the aggregate plans b. directly from the capacity plans c. rom inventory records for items that have been used up d. from master schedules which are derived from aggregate plans Which scheduling technique should be employed when due dates are important for a job order? a. forward scheduling b. loading c. dispatching d. backward scheduling e. master scheduling Which of the following is not an effectiveness criterion for scheduling? a. maxim izing flow time b. minimizing completion time c. minimizing WIP inventory d. maximizing utilization Forward scheduling a. begins with a delivery date, then each operation is offset one at a time, in reverse order b. s well suited where the supplier is usually able to meet precise delivery dates c. tends to minimize in-process inventory d. assumes that procurement of material and operations start as soon as requirements are known Which file contains important information regarding an item's flow through the shop? a. routing file b. work center master file c. control files d. item master file Which of these is not part of the planning files of a production planning and control system? a. a progress file b. a work center master file c. an item master file d. a routing file Which of the following files tracks work order progress? . work center master files b. routing files c. item master files d. control files 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. The production database containing information about each of the components that a firm produces or purchases is the a. routing file b. work center master file c. control file d. item master file The short-term scheduling activity called loading a. assigns dates to specific jobs or operations steps b. specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center c. assigns jobs to work centers d. assigns workers to jobs The assignment method is a. a method to highlight overloads in a given work center b. computerized method of determining appropriate tasks for an operation c. a form of linear programming for optimally assigning tasks or jobs to resources d. the same thing as the Gantt schedule chart A scheduling technique used to achieve optimum, one-to-one matching of tasks and resources is a. the assignment method b. Johnson's rule c. the CDS Algorithm d. the appointment method Which of the following is an aid used to monitor jobs in process? a. a Gantt load chart b. the assignment method c. a Gantt schedule chart d. Johnson's Rul e If an assignment problem consists of 6 workers and 7 projects, a. ne worker will not get a project assignment b. one worker will be assigned two projects c. each worker will contribute work toward the seventh project d. one project will not get a worker assigned Orders are processed in the sequence in which they arrive if (the) ______ rule sequences the jobs. a. earliest due date b. slack time remaining c. first come, first serve d. critical ratio 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Which of the following dispatching rules ordinarily gives the best results when the criterion is lowest time for completion of the full sequence of jobs? a. shortest processing time (SPT) b. critical ratio (CR) c. irst in, first out (FIFO) d. first come, first serve (FCFS) 17. Sequencing (or dispatching) a. assigns dates to specific jobs or operations steps b. assigns jobs to work centers c. specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center d. assigns workers to jobs 18. Five jobs (A, B, C, D, E) are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the shortest processing time dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? Job A B C D E a. b. c. d. Processing Time (days) 4 7 8 3 5 A, B, C, D, E C, E, A, D, B B, D, A, E, C D, A, E, B, C Job due date (days) 7 4 11 5 8 9. Five jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the earliest due date dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? Job A B C D E a. b. c. d. Processing Time (days) 4 2 8 3 5 C, E, A, D, B A, B, C, D, E B, D, A, E, C C, B, A, E, D Job due date (days) 7 4 11 5 8 20. Flow time represents the time a. an order spends waiting for processing at a work center b. an order spends being processed at a work center c. an order spends moving from one work center to another d. o complete an order, including time spent in processing and in waiting Which of the following dispatching rules tends to minimize job flow time? a. FCFS: first come, first served b. SPT: shortest processing time c. EDD: earliest due date d. LPT: longest processing time Average completion time for a schedule sequence at a work center is total a. processing time divided by the number of jobs b. flow time divided by total processing time c. flow time divided by the number of jobs d. processing time plus total late time divided by number of jobs Five welding jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the critical ratio dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? 21. 22. 23. Job A B C D E a. b. c. d. 24. Processing Time (days) 4 2 8 3 5 B, D, A, E, C C, D, A, B, E C, E, A, D, B E, B, A, D, C Job due date (days) 7 4 11 5 11 Which of the following dispatching rules allows easy updates? a. FCFS: first come, first served b. SPT: shortest processing time c. EDD: earliest due date d. CR: critical ratio The priority rule which processes jobs according to the smallest ratio of due date to processing time is: a. ritical ratio b. earliest due date c. first come, first serve d. longest processing time Which of the following is an advantage of the FCFS dispatching rule when used in services? a. FCFS seems fair to customers b. FCFS minimizes the average number of jobs in the system c. FCFS minimizes the average lateness of all jobs d. FCFS maximizes the number of jobs completed on time The most appropriate sequencin g rule to use if the goal is to dynamically track the progress of jobs and establish relative priority on a common basis is a. shortest processing time b. earliest due date c. critical ratio d. Johnson's rule Use of the sequencing rule Shortest Processing Time generally results in a. minimum average lateness b. maximum utilization c. maximum effectiveness d. minimum average flow time When a set of jobs must pass through two workstations whose sequence is fixed, ______ is the rule most commonly applied. a. Johnson's Rule b. earliest due date rule c. first come, first serve rule d. slack time remaining A recent advance in short-term scheduling that makes use of expert systems and simulation in solving dynamic scheduling problems is a. forward scheduling b. backward scheduling c. infinite scheduling 5. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. d. finite scheduling 31. Which of the following techniques does not contribute to increasing throughput at a bottleneck? a. schedule throughput to match capacity of the bottleneck b. increase capacity of constraint c. have cross-trained employees available to operate the constraint d. develop alternate routings An appliance manufacturer assembles icemakers in large batches. The operations manager would like to significantly reduce the batch size. What would you suggest? a. use the SPT rule b. use forward scheduling c. use finite scheduling d. develop level material use schedules 33. A firm wants to develop a level material use schedule based on the following data. What should be the setup cost? desired lot size: 60 annual demand: 40,000 holding cost: $20 per unit per year daily production rate: 320 # of work days per year: 250 a. b. c. d. 34. $0. 45 $4. 50 $45 $450 32. Factory X is trying to use level use scheduling. If their first target were to cut the current lot size in half, by what proportion must setup cost change? a. Setup cost must be cut to one-fourth its current value. b. Setup cost must also be cut in half from its current value. c. Setup cost must double from its current value. . Cannot be determined. Which of the following is true regarding services scheduling? a. The Critical Ratio sequencing rule is widely used for fairness to customers. b. The emphasis is on staffing levels, not materials. c. Reservation systems are often used a means of manipulating the supply of services. d. Labor use can be intensive, and labor demand is usually stable. c d c a c d c d b c b d 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. a a c d a d a d a a b 35. Chapter 15: Multiple Choice Answers 13. 1. b 14. 2. d 15. 3. d 16. 4. a 17. 5. d 18. 6. a 19. 7. a 20. 8. d 21. 9. d 22. 10. c 23. 11. c 24. 12. a